React
React is a library for building user interfaces released by Facebook. It uses components - self-contained logical pieces of code - to minimize bugs that are common when building UIs.
Angular
Angular is a framework developed by Google that can be used to develop single page applications. Angular includes a component-based framework, a collection of libraries that include a variety of features, and a suite of developer tools to assist with developing, building, testing, and updating your code.
Vue
Vue is a framework that provides useful facilities for progressive enhancement, and can be used to enhance existing HTML. As a result, it can be used as a drop-in replacement for the jQuery library.
Summary
JavaScript frameworks provide a foundation to save time and simplify writing code by offering a complete template for development.